Valve



sept.v 11, 1923.

P. A. JOHNSON VALVE Original' Filed July 26. 1921 2 Sheets-Shes?l 2 M GMM/way 5 Patented Sept. 11, 1923.

VALVE.

Application :filed July 26, 19121, Serial To all whom tmay concern Be it known that I, PETER A. JOHNSON, a citizen ofV the United States, residing at Portland, inthe countyof Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves, of which the following is a specification. A

My invention relates to valves, and more particularly `to valves designed to control elastic fluid under large pressure.

An object of my invention is to design a valve which will allow the accumulated, compressed fluid' in the upper'part of the controller shell to counteractthe pressure of the fluid in the lowerpart of the valve.

Another objectrof my invention is to de- -sign a valve whichl will permit of .the ready control of iiuid from a source of supply to the operating mechanism and likewise from the operating mechanism to the exhaust.

lVith thesesa'nd other objects in view which may be incident to my improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations to be hereinafter- 4set forth and claimed, with the understanding that the several necessary elements comprisingv my invention, may be varied in construction and arrangement -without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

In order to make my invention more clearly understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical elfect, without limiting the improvements in their useful applications to the` particular constructions, which for the Vpurpose of explanation, have been made the subjectk of illustration.`

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of my device upon a vessel. Y Y

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the controller, with the upper cover broken away showing the base, the valve seat and the valve.V v .j

Figure 3 isa sectional view of the valve on'the lline 3-3 of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is a section on vthe lFigure-3.` Y

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5 5 lof Figure 3. Y.

Figure 6 is across-sectional view of my improved check valve. s Y

Mounted upon a rectangular post v1v is a horizontal tiller arm 2 rigidly Vsecured at right anglesto the post `and provided with a Contact arm 3 which also acts as a pointer, in

line of No. 487,790. Renewed .Tune 18, 1923.

line with the rudder .and pointing toward the prow of the ship. 1 This arm or pointer extends from the inner central portion of the tiller arm, which latter at its outer ends is provided with openings 4 to be hereinafter described. Extending forwardly from the tiller armand forming apart thereof is a curved metallic bar or quadrant 5 provided in its exteriorsurface with teeth 6 that intermesh with a pinion? whose vertical shaft 8 is provided with any suitable means for manually steering the ship. This arrangement is provided out of abundantcaution so that if the hydraulic or pneumatic means for any reason should fail to function, the ship may be steered by hand.

TWithin the quadrant and so positioned that the contact arm 3 will operate across its face is a contact plate 9, the same being connected with a tell-tale system whose indicator 10 is located in the pilot house or other enclosure 11, the two portions of the system being connected by the wires 12, as shown in Figure 1. A generator G or other suitable source of electricity furnishes the necessary currentto operate the system, the

object of which is to indicate to thehelmsman the exactposition'of the rudder at all times.

On opposite sides of the center line of the ship are two cylinders 13 and 13 each having piston heads 14 and 14 and piston rods 15 and 15 extending therefrom. These cylinders are placed forward 4of the tiller arm and appropriately located with respect to each end thereof. Securely attached to the rear end of the cylinders and'in parallel alignment with the piston rods are guide bars 16- and 16 upon which operate cross heads 17 and 17, securely mounted upon the guide bars and rigidly secured -upon their outer end to the piston rods. Connecting rods 18 and 18 are also pivotally mounted in the cross heads, opposite the ends ofthe piston rods by means of pins 19 and 19', the farther ends of said rods being pivoted in the respective ends of the tiller arm 2, -by means of pins 4 and 4.

The cylinders referred to are connected by a suitable system of piping with one another and with an air compressor 20 of the usual or any approved construction which in turn is connected with a pressuretank 21. The system .of piping is further connected with a' hydraulic pump 22 and both the air compressor and the hydraulic pump are each connected tothe main supply pipe 23 by means of which either air,or otheriluid asy desired may be supplied'to the system tor the operation of the rudder, there being, of course, appropriate valves such as indicated at 24:, 25 and 26, whereby either the air or the fluid may be cut oil' from the system. The pipe 23 extends directly to the `pilot house and between it and the rest ot the systemot piping is interposed ay tourway valve controller 27 which regulates to a nicety the amount of Vair or other lluid pressure in the i cylinders,v thereby securing the desired moveA mentot the rudder.

rhe Controller mechanism includes a housing or shell and valve mechanism, the

, housing or shell consisting ot two parts 23 and 29.- The part A23 is cylindrical in formV and with the base part 29torms a perfect airtight ease tor valve 30. Communicating with the part 29 are the beforementioned vpi-pes23, 37 and 38 each being open into the Aports 31 and 31 and thence to fore and aft eiid's ot cylinders 13fand 13. Seated inimediately upon the base part 29and rot-atable within the part 28 isA a valve 30. lThe fu'p-p'er portion of Vthe valve disc 3G is cast with integral shoulders or' ridges a and in the depression 'b between them tits accross bar c' upon the lower end of the stem. A

boss d rests upon the shoulders a and between the boss andthe under sides of the shell 28" is aV leather washer 7. TheA upper end of the valve stem extends Vthrough au aperture in the top of the shell, is'screw threaded and provided with aslot g and a' handle which is securely held to the valve Y. stein by a key 71,. Above is a lock-nut i and a cap-nut These details', et construction are tor'the purpose ot'insuring absolute ac-Vv curacy of adjustment in putting the several other fluid upward through the valve into the cavity in the upper part ot the shell but prevent any return flow of the air 'or other fluid. The purpose of this non-return check valve is to permit a pressure in the upper 'partici the shell suiiicient to counteract the pressure below the valve Y due to pressure from the source ofair supply throi'igh the pipe 23.` Without this provision the air pressure might raise somewhat the valve 3() andperin'it anintern'al passage ot vthe air` between the part 29l and theA valve 30.` Y

Asfwill be seen from Figure 3, the posil mosphere.Y Y

tion of the valve ports31 ,andv31 may be determined bythe movement ot the handle therpipeh23 passesiiito the valve ports 31V and 31 and also through the pipes 37 and V33to the cylinders 13 and 13 producing However, it the ln Figur-e 3 the air pressurel through the valve port 31 retainscommunicationbe- I- tween the pipes 23 and 37?. In Vthis way pressure passes through the pipe 37finto the c after part ot the cylinder'13 andthe V torward part of the cylinder 13 while through the pipe 38 air is'exhausted from the after part ot cylinder13 and the Aforward partv of cylinder 13 through the .pipe 36,'totheat- .v The opposite resultsV are accomplished whenever the handle 35 ismoved to the lett handas shown in Figure 3. Ascanreadily be seen troman inspection'ot Figures" 3, ll

. and 5, theV pressure through the pipe 23 hasa tendency to di'splacethevalve 30 andi to permit the air to pass wastetull'y into Vthe pipes not in communication with the pip'e23, by either the valve connections 31er 31.

Y The area of the ports' 31 and 31 areabout three square inches, whiehat an air pressure of pounds per square inch would Vexert a lifting orceot 300 pounds Von the bottom Vof therevolv'ing plate 30A and raise"V it oit its seat, there-tore the small'check valves 33V and 33 are placed one oneachside directly'over 31 and 31 lwith a small portopening into each'V admitting air ifrom'the feed Y lirios throughfand above the revolving plate 30. The area of the top of the revolving. plate is about 9 squarey'inches and hence thereis exerted thereon a downward pressure, malting what is `known as a balancedvalve', thel downward pressure in'this' instance being about 900 pounds. u

It is to b'e note'dilthat theVV valve'ports areV arranged to lap in a manner to cut off the exhaust and permit air ,to enter the cylinder pipes as predetermined for the operation: Only sutlicientv air is permitted toescape from opposing sides offthepistonheads to' Y adjust the `rudder to' apredeterminedposition for steeringa'desired course, and to equalize the pressure on the exhausting sides with that on the opposing. sides coming di-V rectly from thev pressure tank, to'retain the rudder 'when thus set.v When theJ necessary amount ot air is exhausted, thefcontroller valve is returned to loriginal position, clos ing exhaust port vand openingteedfpipe 23V to pipe 3S andj air admittedonboth sides o the piston headsfwit-hV pressureequalized. andthe rudder adjusted to the precise course desired. It is only when the valve is operated by handle that a change of rudder position results as desired.

Should the pneumatic system fail for any eau-se, the valve 26 should be closed, andthe aive 2% opened, when the auxiliary hydraulic system is substituted to Operate the steering apparatus, in the manner hereinbefore described for the pneumatic system. It is to be noted that with the pneumatic system, the piston heads are cushioned upon air and any impact upon the rudder from an external source is resiliently received, and the pistons immediately return to the predeten mined set position, the pressurel on either side of". the piston heads being stabilized by air under suitable compression. Further, the liability of the rudder and its cooperating parts to get ont of order or to break, is

f overcome. rIhis result is not possible with the hydraulic system, yet for emergency purposes, the use of such system, is as satisfactory as any system devised prior to the pneu matic system herein described.

' I claim as my invention:

l. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve seat, a valvemounted within the valve seat, said valve having slots forming valve ports to permit the passage of fluid from one pipe to another, and one way valve openings leading from the valve ports into the housing whereby the passage of fluid into the housing produces a pressure tending vto hold the valve seated.

l2. In a valve mechanism, a base'part and cylindrical part, said base part and cylindrical part forming a housing, the base part having openings therein for the passage of fluids, a valve seated within the housing and having two oppositely disposed slots therein for valve ports to permit the passage of fluids from one pipe to another, and a second valve in said first named valve to permit the flow of uid from thevalve ports into the housing.

3. In a valve mechanism, a base part and a cylindrical part, said base part and cylindrical part forming a housing, the base part having two supply openings, two line pipe openings and an exhaust opening therein for the passage of fluids, a valve seated within the housing and having oppositely disposed slots therein for the valve ports to permit thev passage of fluid from one pipe to said oppositely disposed slots, when the valve is innormal position, thus` permitting the free passageof fluid from the supply pipes to the line pipes; when in another position, permitting the free passage of fluid from one supply pipe to Vone linerpipe and from the other line pipe and to the exhaust pipe and when in the third position the other supply pipe is in communication with the last named pipe, and the first named line pipe is in communication with the exhaust pipe.

of fluid, and a one si. In avalve mechanism, a base part and a cylindrical part, said base part and cylindrical part forming a housing, the base part having two supply openings, two line pipe openings and an exhaust opening therein for the passage of fluids, a valve seated within the housing and having oppositely disposed slots therein for the valve ports to permit the passage of iluid from one pipe to said oppositely disposed slots, when the valve is in normal position, thus permitting the free passage of fluid fromvthe supply pipes to the line pipes; permitting the free passage of fluid from one supply pipe to one line pipe and from the other line pipe and to the exhaust pipe and when in the third position the other supply pipe is in communication with the last named pipe, and the first named line pipe is in communication with the exhaust pipe, said valve having valve controlled openings leading from the valve ports into the housing.

5. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve seat, a valve mounted within the valve seat, and a one way valve opening leading from the valve seat into the housing whereby the passage of fluid into the housing produces a pressure tending to hold the valve seated.

6. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve sea-t, a valve mounted within the valve seat, said valve having passageways to permit the passage of fluid, and one way valve openings leading from said passageways into the housing whereby the passage of' fluid into the hou-sing produces a pressure tending to hold the valveseated.

l7. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve seat, a valve mounted within the valve seat, said valve having two slots forming valve ports to permit the passage way valve opening for each slot whereby luid may pass into the housing to produce apressure tending to seat the Valve.

` 8. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve seat, a valve mounted within the valve seat, and one way valve openings passing through the valve and leading from the valve seat into the housing, whereby the passage of fluid into the housing proc.uces a pressure tending to seat the valve.

9. In a valve mechanism, a valve housing having a valve seat, a valve mounted within the valve seat, said valve having two passageways forming ports to permit the passage oi fluid, and a one way valve opening for each passageway extending through the valve, whereby'iluid may pass into the housing to produce a pressure tending to seat the valve.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature;

PETER A. JOHNSON.

when in another position,

IIO 

